Early Signs, Misconceptions & How Families Can Help
Memory changes are often one of the first things families notice when an older loved one begins to experience dementia. But according to Joan Hamblin, MD, FAAFP, family physician at NorthLakes Community Clinic in Eau Claire, the earliest signs are not always what people expect.
“Sometimes families notice repeated stories, missed appointments, or medications not being taken correctly,” says Dr. Hamblin. “But the changes can also show up as frustration, irritability, or personality shifts.”
Early Signs May Look Different Than Expected
In some cases, patients themselves recognize that something may be wrong even if they cannot name it. Often the family or friends notice the decline first. Dr. Hamblin notes that symptoms may appear in unexpected ways:
- Repeating the same questions or stories
- Difficulty managing medications or appointments
- Personality changes such as irritability or anger
- Trouble driving or navigating familiar places
- Withdrawal from activities or social situations
- No longer making elaborate meals or woodworking projects
“For example,” she explains, “someone may stop playing cards or going out because they’re embarrassed that they can’t remember how to do things that they once did easily.”
Not Every Memory Problem Is Dementia
Memory issues can also have other causes. Poor sleep, depression, medication changes, or untreated conditions like sleep apnea can affect memory and thinking.
That’s why evaluation is important.
“Dementia is really a broad term,” says Dr. Hamblin. “It simply means cognitive difficulties severe enough to interfere with daily functioning.”
There are many possible causes of dementia, including:
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Stroke-related vascular dementia
- Brain injury
- Infections or illness affecting the brain
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type in older adults, accounting for roughly 80% of dementia cases.
The Role of Family Physicians
Family physicians often play a key role in recognizing and evaluating memory concerns. Sometimes patients come in worried about their memory. Other times, adult children or family members call the clinic first.
“There’s no single way dementia presents,” Dr. Hamblin explains. “Family members often notice changes from a person’s usual behavior before the patient does.”
However, privacy laws mean physicians must have permission from the patient before discussing medical findings with family members.
Still, families can share concerns with the doctor, which can help guide evaluation and care.
Why Communication Matters
Dr. Hamblin encourages patients to involve trusted people in their care early.
“As dementia progresses, people will need more help,” she says. “Family members, neighbors, or friends can’t support someone if they don’t know what’s going on.”
Changes in behavior can also be misunderstood if families are unaware of cognitive decline.
“For example, someone may stay home all the time. Is that depression? Or are they afraid to drive because they’re getting lost? Understanding the reason helps families respond appropriately.”
Helpful Resources for Families
Two important resources are available for patients and caregivers:
- Aging and Disability Resource Centers (ADRC)
Local ADRCs offer dementia specialists who help families understand the disease and connect with services. - Alzheimer’s Association
The organization provides education, caregiver resources, and a 24-hour helpline staffed by trained specialists.
“These organizations are incredibly helpful,” says Dr. Hamblin. “They can answer practical questions families face every day.”
A Growing Need for Dementia Care
Dr. Hamblin has worked with dementia patients for decades, including helping lead one of the region’s early memory evaluation clinics.
She continues this work today at NorthLakes Community Clinic.
“There’s a huge need for dementia care,” she says. “The earlier we recognize changes and involve families and community resources, the better we can support patients through the process.”
